Dari Edukasi Ke Transformasi Perilaku Tinjauan Sistematis Promosi Kesehatan dalam Meningkatkan Aktivitas Fisik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53905/jiojurnal.v5i01.30Keywords:
aktivitas fisik, perubahan perilaku, promosi kesehatan, systematic review, teknologi kesehatanAbstract
Aktivitas fisik merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam menjaga kesehatan dan mencegah penyakit tidak menular, namun tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam aktivitas fisik masih tergolong rendah. Promosi kesehatan menjadi strategi utama dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik, tetapi pendekatan yang hanya berfokus pada edukasi belum mampu menghasilkan perubahan perilaku yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran promosi kesehatan dalam bertransformasi dari pendekatan edukatif menuju perubahan perilaku dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah systematic literature review dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, melalui penelusuran artikel pada database PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, dan Google Scholar dengan rentang tahun 2021–2026. Sebanyak 20 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berbasis teori perubahan perilaku, pendekatan multi-level, serta pemanfaatan teknologi digital seperti aplikasi kesehatan dan media sosial memiliki efektivitas yang lebih tinggi dalam meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dibandingkan pendekatan edukasi semata. Faktor seperti efikasi diri, motivasi, dukungan sosial, serta lingkungan yang mendukung menjadi determinan utama dalam perubahan perilaku aktivitas fisik. Kesimpulannya, promosi kesehatan perlu bertransformasi dari pendekatan edukatif menuju pendekatan yang lebih komprehensif dan berbasis perilaku untuk menghasilkan perubahan yang berkelanjutan. Pendekatan ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan aktivitas fisik serta kualitas hidup masyarakat secara luas.
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